An electroencephalogram or EEG is a test that uses small metal discs (electrodes) connected to the scalp to assess the activity in the brain. With the help of EEG, a neurologist can detect variations in brain activity that may help with the diagnosis of brain illnesses such as brain tumours, brain damage from a head accident, and brain malfunction, particularly epilepsy or some other seizure condition. An EEG may also be useful in identifying or treating sleep problems, brain inflammation, stroke, and sleep disturbances. An EEG might also be used to establish brain death in someone who has been in a coma for a long time.

Electromyography (EMG) is a test used to determine the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control the motor neurons. The results of an EMG might indicate nerve dysfunction, muscle dysfunction, or issues with nerve-to-muscle signal transmission. Motor neurons send electrical impulses to muscles, resulting in contraction. An EMG converts these impulses into graphs, noises, or numerical data that are evaluated by a neurology doctor using small devices called electrodes. A needle electrode put directly into a muscle measures the electrical activity in that muscle during a needle EMG. Another component of an EMG is a nerve conduction study, which uses electrode stickers put on the skin (surface electrodes) to evaluate the speed and intensity of impulses passing between two or more sites.

Sleep Study, often known as polysomnography, is a comprehensive test used to diagnose sleep problems. During the examination in the best neurologist clinic, polysomnography captures your brain waves, the oxygen level in your blood, your heart rate and breathing, as well as your eye and leg movements. A sleep study can be performed in a hospital’s sleep disorders unit or at a sleep center. While sleep studies are normally performed at night, they are occasionally performed during the day to accommodate shift workers who sleep throughout the day. In addition to assisting in the diagnosis of sleep disorders, sleep studies may be used to commence or change your treatment plan if you have already been diagnosed with one.

CT scanning, commonly known as computed tomography, is a noninvasive, painless procedure that produces quick and clear two-dimensional pictures of organs, bones, and tissues. CT scans of the brain and spine are utilised in neurology. With the help of a CT scan, a neurology doctor can also detect bone and vascular abnormalities, brain cancers and cysts, herniated discs, epilepsy, encephalitis, spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal), a blood clot or intracranial haemorrhage in stroke patients, brain damage from a head injury, and other illnesses. Many neurological conditions have similar symptoms, and a CT scan can help with appropriate diagnosis by identifying the part of the brain affected by the disorder.